Electron microscopy is a technique used to study objects on an extremely small scale. It uses beams of electrons instead of light to illuminate and magnify images of specimens, allowing scientists to observe structures as small as atoms or even smaller particles. This method provides much higher resolution than traditional optical microscopes, making it possible to see details that would otherwise go unnoticed. Electron microscopy is widely used in various fields such as biology, materials science, and electronics, for research, diagnostics, and quality control purposes.